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pluralis excellentiae
The ''pluralis excellentiae'' is the name given by early grammarians of Hebrew, such as Wilhelm Gesenius, to a perceived anomaly in the grammatical number and syntax in Hebrew. In some cases it bears some similarity to the ''pluralis majestatis'' or "royal plural".〔Gesenius 124 g-i, 132 h, 124 a-c, 135 p〕 However the idea of excellence is not necessarily present:
Hebrew distinguishes grammatical number by endings in nouns, verbs and adjectives. A grammatical phenomenon occurs with a small number of Hebrew nouns, such as ''elohim'' "great god" and ''behemoth'' "giant beast", whereby a grammatically redundant plural ending (''-im'', usually masculine plural, or ''-oth'', usually feminine plural) is attached to a noun, but the noun nevertheless continues to take singular verbs and adjectives.
==Abstract plurals with feminine singular==
Abstract plurals with ''-im'' endings such as "uprightness," "blessedness," "sweetness," "youth," "strength," etc. take feminine singular verbs and adjectives.〔Andrew Bruce Davidson -Introductory Hebrew grammar: Hebrew syntax 1902 p74 "On the other hand, plur. of inanimate objects that may be grouped under one conception, of the lower creatures, and abstract plurals are frequently construed with fem. sing, of pred."〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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